※ 2020全国教师招聘信息汇总 ※ 2020青海教师招聘信息汇总 ※ 2020西宁教师招聘信息汇总 ※
一、失分归纳：
任务型阅读是近几年在高考中采用的一种读写相结合的新题型。它要求学生在阅读短文以后完成相关的任务。在2010、2011江苏高考中，该题型得分均不超过5分（总分10分），可见学生在获取信息及处理信息的能力方面仍存在较大缺陷。一下是学生常见的几种错误。
常见错误分析与对策
㈠首字母大小写错误
在做任务型阅读时，许多学生往往因为所填单词首字母的大小写失分。尤其当第一空设在标题中时，他们不注意或根本不知道标题中首字母大小写的规则，该大写时小写，该小写时大写。
如：在The__behind the Symbol of Dancing Beijing中他们填入story（应为Story），
而在How to communicate____中他们填入Effectively（应为effectively）。
【分析】标题的大小写有两种规则。
第一种为：首单词的首字母大写，其余单词除冠词和介词外首字母大写(如第一个标题)；第二种为：只有首单词的首字母大写，其余均为小写（如第二个标题）。
【易错点睛】这种类型的错误反应出学生做事粗心的坏习惯。只要在下笔之前注意一下与该词处于同等地位的词使用的是什么形式，就可以避免此类错误，经过多次操练后就可以克服。
㈡单词拼写错误
包括长词的拼写错误，如：把convenient拼写成convinent;形式相近词的误用，如：把quality写成quantity;动词形式转化中的错误。
【分析】这种类型的错误反映出学生在词汇知识面不扎实。
【易错点睛】在词汇教学中用足功夫。1.让学生熟记动词、名词形容词等词性变化的规则。2.在学习新单词时，随时从音、形、意上对以前学过的单词进行联系、比较、记忆。3.每隔一段时间就利用词汇手册或课本的词汇表对以前学过的单词进行拉网式复习记忆。
㈢语法错误
1.主谓不一致
不根据主语形式的要求来填写谓语动词的单复数形式。
如：在Educating girls____to social benefits, economic advantages and health practices, including family planning.中填入contribute（应为contributes）。
【分析】当主语是从句或动名词时，谓语动词必须用单数。
2.词性错误
不能熟练准确地根据句式变化对词性进行转换，该用形容词时用了名词，该用名词时却用了形容词或动词等等。
3.从句与非谓语动词转化间的错误
如原文：If someone else is hosting the party，you could offer to bring food to the party，so that you can prepare something that fits into your diet pro-gram.
题目：Attend someone else’s party along with some food____into your diet program.一些同学在此填入fits（应为fitting）。
【分析】原文中的fits为定语从句中的谓语动词，而题目中需要一个v-ing形式做定语。
【易错点睛】
1.对学生的语法基础知识进行摸底排查，对掌握得较差的语法项目进行专项训练，直到弄懂弄通为止；
2.督促学生做好错题集，并经常复习。
二、实战一例：
任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
The State of Hawaii is a state of the United States, located on a group of islands in the central Pacific Ocean southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of Australia. The state was admitted to the Union on August 21st, 1959, making it the 50th state. Its capital is Honolulu on the island of Oahu. The most recent census puts the state’s population at 1,211,537.
This state includes nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian Island chain, which is made up of hundreds of islands spread over 1,500 miles. At the southeastern end of the group of islands, the eight “main islands” are Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Kahoolawe, Maui, and Hawaii. The last by far the largest, and is often called the “Big Island” or “Big Isle” to avoid confusion with the state as a whole.
Hawaii’s tallest mountain, Mauna Kea stands at 13,796 ft (4,205m) but is taller than Mount Everest if followed to the base of the mountain—on the floor of the Pacific Ocean.
All of the Hawaiian islands were formed by volcanoes erupting from a magma (岩浆) source described in geological theory as a hotspot. The theory maintains that as the plate beneath much of the Pacific Ocean moves in a northwesterly direction, the hot spot remains quiet, slowly creating new volcanoes. This explains why only volcanoes on the southern half of the Big Island, and the Loihi Seamount deep below the waters off its southern coast, are presently active, with Loihi being the newest volcano to form.
The last volcanic eruption outside the Big Island occurred at Haleakala on Maui in the late 18th century, though recent research suggests that Haleakala’s most recent eruption could be hundreds of years earlier.
Because of the islands’ volcanic formation, native life before human activity is said to have arrived by the “3W’s”: wind (carried through the air), waves (brought by ocean currents), and wings (birds, insects, and whatever they brought with them). The complete separation of the Hawaiian Islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean from any continent, and the wide range of environments to be found on high islands located in and near the tropic (回归线), have resulted in a vast variety of plants and animals. Hawaii has more endangered species per square mile and has lost a higher percentage of its local species than anywhere else on Earth.
Outlines | Details |
71. p | on a group of islands in the central Pacific Ocean |
72. p to the Union | on August 21st, 1959 |
Population | 1,211,539 |
Formation of the Hawaiian Islands | eruptions of 73. p |
The Hawaiian Island chain | l 74. p of hundreds of islands |
l eight “main lands” with the largest called the “big Island” or “Big Isle” to avoid being 75. p with the name of the state | |
The tallest mountain | Mauna Kea with an 76. p of 13,796ft |
Ways of the 77. p of native life | “3 W’s”: wind, waves and wings |
78. p of varieties of plants and animals | l being completely 79. p in the middle of the Pacific Ocean from other continents l 80. p on high islands in and near the tropic |
详解参考
文章大意：本文主要阐述了美国夏威夷州的地理位置、构成以及火山喷发对它的岛屿形成等的影响。
71. Location。根据该题对应表格中的内容可知，这里说的是夏威夷的位置。
72. Admission。根据文章第一段“The state was admitted to the Union”可知。
73. volcanoes。根据文章内容可知，夏威夷岛屿的形成是火山喷发的缘故。
74. composed/consisting 。根据文章第二段“which is made up of hundreds of islands spread over 1,500 miles”可知。composed/consisting of是make up的同义词。
75. confused。根据文章第二段最后一句“to avoid confusion with the state as a whole”可知。
76. altitude。由第三段“Hawaii’s tallest mountain, Mauna Kea stands at 13,796 ft (4,205m)”可知，
77. arrival。根据文章最后一段“to have arrived by the “3W’s”:”可知。
78. Causes。即夏威夷不同动植物形成的原因。Causes与后面的of搭配。
79. separated。根据文章最后一段“The complete separation of the Hawaiian Islands”可知。
80. environments。根据文章最后一段“the wide range of environments to be found on high islands”可知。
推荐阅读：
文章来源：中国教师招聘网，更多考试资讯/考试动态敬请关注师范人教师招聘网。
责任编辑：大吕
桂公网安备 45031102000018号 | 
